Aquaculture
The controlled production of aquatic organisms.
ARA
Arachidonic Acid ((18:2n-6) - expressed as a % of Lipid, an omega-3
long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid produced in brown algae. Three of our algae (ISO, Pavlova, and TW) are contain ARA. Please see our Proximate Analysis
page for more information about DHA levels in Instant Algae® microalgae.
Aspartic Acid (Non-Essential Amino Acid)
Aids in the expulsion of harmful ammonia from the body.
Brine Shrimp/Artemia (Zooplankton)
An arthropod that is commercially harvested as a feed product for the aquaculture industry.
It is found world wide in hyper saline bodies of water such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah and the San Francisco
Bay. For more information see Brine Shrimp Direct's
web page.
Copepods (Zooplankton)
Microscopic animals ranging from 50 to 2000 microns that are used to feed larval fish and
shrimp, and corals. For more information click here.
CryoPaste
Instant Algae's®
brand of semi-frozen marine microalgae concentrate. In 2001 CryoPaste was replaced
with the Premium formula that does not contain any preservatives. CryoPaste can still be made on request.
CryoPreservation
Cryoprotection is the process of freezing a substance without damaging it. In the case of
microalgae the objective is to prevent damage to the cell from ice crystals. It also preserves the nutritional
value of the cells by slowing their metabolic rate to a suspended state. This prevents bacteria from growing and
contaminating the concentrate.
Daphnia (Zooplankton)
DHA
Docosahexaenoic Acid (C22:6n3), an omega-3 long chain
polyunsaturated fatty acid produced only in brown algae. DHA is one of the building blocks of neural tissue. It
is very important in the development and growth of larval fish, shrimp, and shellfish. It is commonly used for
enriching rotifers. Three of our algae (ISO, Pavlova, and TW) are very high in DHA. Please see our Proximate Analysis
page for more information about DHA levels in Instant Algae® microalgae.
EPA
Eicosapentaenoic Acid C20:5n3, an omega -3 long chain
polyunsaturated fatty acid produced by algae. EPA is one of the building blocks of neural tissue. It is very important
in the nervous system growth of larval fish, shrimp, and shellfish. It is commonly used for enriching rotifers.
Two of our algae (Nannochloropsis and
Tetraselmis) are very high in EPA.
Please see our Proximate Analysis page for more
information about EPA levels in Instant Algae®.
Greenwater
A technique of adding microalgae to your system as an enhancement, not as a direct food
source. For more information please see our Greenwater web page.
HUFA
Highly unsaturated fatty acids. HUFA's are important in the metabolism and growth of marine organisms, both
fish and crustaceans.
Mariculture
Marine aquaculture.
Microalgae (Phytoplankton)
Single celled plants that are the bottom of the marine food chain. Microalgae absorb nutrients
such as ammonia, urea, nitrates, phosphates, and potassium, vitamins and metals.
For more information about Instant Algae® please see our Microalgae web page.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
These consist primary of EPA, DHA, and ARA. These fatty acids are critical to
the development of the brain and neural system in larval animals. These are also the "heart healthy"
fatty acids common in salmon, tuna, and other marine fish. Some Omega-3 fatty acids can also improve pigmentation
(color) in marine organisms.
Plankton
Plankton refers to "drifting" or "passively swimming" organisms and is a broad category
for microscopic plants and animals that drift with the ocean waves. In the marine life cycle food chain plankton
is at the bottom and therefore the key ingredient in growing any other animals further up the chain. For this reason
plankton is a critical component in marine hatcheries, aquariums, and scientific research world-wide.
Phytoplankton
"Plant" plankton - Microalgae and Macroalgae
Zooplankton
"Animal" Plankton - Brine shrimp (Artemia), rotifers, copepods, daphnia, etc.
Zooplankton are microscopic or somewhat larger grazing aquatic animals. Many zooplankton
feed on microalgae and form the second major link in the food web. Plankton
Culture Manual, Frank Hoff and Terry Snell
Probiotics
Live microbial feed supplements that improve health of people and livestock.
Rotifers
Microscopic animals ranging from 50 to 300 microns that are used to feed larval fish and
shrimp, and corals. For more information click here.
Serine (Non-Essential Amino Acid)
Serine is a nonessential amino acid that is essential for the metabolism of fats as well as fatty acids.
Shrimp
Baby shrimp go through many changes or "molts" in their first few days. There
are three larval phases (nauplii, zoea, and mysis) that take followed by a post
larval period (PL) phase. For more information please see our Shrimp web page.
Nauplii (Hatch --> day 2) - N1 to N5
During the nauplii phase the shrimp eat from their egg sack.
Zoea (Day 2 --> day 4) - Z1, Z2, Z3
During the Zoea phase the shrimp start eating microalgae. During this time they are high
energy swimmers that filter feed on microalgae.
Mysis (Day 5 --> day 10) - M1, M2, M3
During the mysis phase the larvae continue to grow rapidly and will drift upside down. They
become omnivorous, eating both microalgae and zooplankton (usually brine shrimp
nauplii/Artemia)
Post Larval Shrimp (Day 11 --> day 21) PL1 to PL10
In the PL phase the shrimp start swimming right side up and become benthic (living at the
bottom or on the sides). At the end of the PL phase the shrimp are ready to be moved into grow-out ponds.
Zoea Syndrome
This is a poorly defined problem that causes high mortality rates with zoea phase shrimp. The symptom of the
problem is that the shrimp never start eating. There is currently a great deal of research being done to understand
the cause and cure.
Zooplankton
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